Hospitals, medicines, lifespans, and the numbers behind human health.

New prostate cancer cases per 100,000 men, age-standardised, from IARC's GLOBOCAN 2022 estimates. Cyprus, Japan and Israel lead the 12 highest-rate countries in Asia, using the UN and IARC definition of the region.
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The 13 deadliest outbreaks on record, ranked by the midpoint of published death-toll estimates, from smallpox and the Black Death to the Spanish flu, HIV/AIDS and COVID-19. Early-history figures are scholarly estimates with wide ranges.
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Life expectancy at birth, both sexes, from the UN World Population Prospects 2024 (2023 estimates). Monaco and San Marino lead the sovereign states, with Japan the highest large country; non-sovereign territories such as Hong Kong are excluded.
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